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Project planning

Management Parameters for Technology Co-operation


coherent and complete set of management tools for the whole

continuum of technological and sociocultural parameters:

Parameter:

indicative alternatives:

 

task structuration

local and foreign output

technology output

budgeting

performance indicator

role conflict

reporting

meeting agendas

accessory data

non-essential aspects     

language

 

horizontal - vertical

parallel - intermittent

function - object

aggregated - specific

integrated - individual

passively tolerated - acknowledged

discretionary - public

separate, fixed - intermittent

extensive - little

group - individual

dictionary - vernacular, no metaphors




A priori it is not possible to know how these parameters influence each other.  The relations among project participants determine how and when they are linked and when they are independent.  Without other indicators about project implementation, these parameters are often used to compare projects and infer what project design is appropriate.  Based on ethnographic work, I use observable interactional patterns in implementation 'Latent Processes' to describe, compare, design and document implementation.  These processes are latent because the individuals in a project can establish them.  By virtue of the definition, these latent processes allow to group parameters and relate them to a few contextual features.  However, this is impossible in a strong sense, the grouping is far from certain, more often than not the subsumptions are too partial.

So for illustration purposes only, I list below the latent processes that are often determinant for a project parameter and for the influence of the parameter alternative on implementation.  For each parameter and latent process I suggest one contextual feature that could in some cases allow comparisons because this feature is a major precondition why the latent process appears and what project participants do with it (or in other words why the parameter affects that latent process).  This is an illustration that might allow you to see whether your planning concern could benefit from the analysis of the latent processes. 







Parameter
 
Latent Process
 
Context and Transferability        
 
task structuration
horizontal - vertical
Contentexposing biases: relativ to Human Resource Management, sector, or
       educational institution
stakeholder interest and capacity appear beyond core purpose
 
 Interfacechanging competition: relativ to larger social context but
      project autonomy becomes possible over time
stakeholder relations evolve with participants' mutual recognition
 
local and foreign output
parallel - intermittent
Contentrelativ to economic sectors because experts' biases have less scope,
favours specific linkages and conflicts
 
 Exchangelocal/foreign attributes: relativ to historical units, economic and trade patterns (Friedman), significance for strategies, relativ to aid sector / alliances
technology output
function - object
Content
differences in sociocultural ends: relativ to educational institution,
STS structures are most often institutionally defined

budgeting,
inventories
aggregated-specific
Exchangeweak influence by adding identity risks: extent relativ to social identities
     among project participants
 Interfaceaffected by categories but ambiguities are reduced: extent individuals
 
performance indicator
discretionary - public
Contentby indirectly strengthening attribution: extent modes of HRM
 
 Interfacecan reduce ambiguities: extent individuals
 
role conflict
ignore - acknowledge
Exchangeendo-cases: extent social history
exo-cases weak influence: extent relative to historical unit
 Interfaceendo-cases weak influence: extent social history
exo-cases: forces project out of social history
 
official reporting,Contentby strengthening attribution
documentationExchangeendo-cases: individual leaves group
integrated - individualInterfaceonly weak influence: reduces rhetoric scale
 
meetings and agendas
separate - intermittent
Exchangeby changing subject / object relation in team:
       procedures adapt to social identity

Interfaceby allowing ambiguity only when roles, rhetoric
       interact extent: project unit
 
accessory data,
calculations
Exchangeexo-cases: shifts alterity (otherness emotion) to other objects in social history;   endo-cases: little influence on implementation
extensive - littleContentby revealing ends: extent relative to sector
 
non-essential aspects:
hours, transport, food
Exchangeexo-cases: social identity
endo-cases: individuals to pledge social identity
group - individualInterfacereduces / reinforce group identity:  extent relative to HRM modes and sector
 
languageInterfaceefforts to translate far more relevant than content,
specific knowledge corpora
dictionary - vernacularContentby labelling tacitness


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Thomas Grammig

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